Сonjunctivitis

The symptoms of conjunctivitis and treatment

Conjunctivitis is an inflammatory process that affects the conjunctival membranes. It is located on the rear surface of the eyelids and covers the eyeball to the junction with the cornea. Conjunctivitis can have different origins: how infectious-dependent and non-communicable-dependent.


The forms and causes of conjunctivitis
 
The main causes that lead to the development of the disease are the following: bacteria (staphylococci, streptococci, gonococci, pneumococci, Corynebacterium diphtheria) virus (herpes on the lips, adenovirus, etc.) chlamydia different drugs trapped in the mucous membrane of the eye allergens foci of chronic infection in the body which alter reactivity, creating the preconditions for autoimmune reactions, etc.

Contributing factors for the development of conjunctivitis are: the impact of low temperatures overheating dust air bathing in a dirty pond acute respiratory infections, which reduce the intensity of the immune response and the body's resistance. The classification takes into account the various aspects of conjunctivitis. The disease can be acute or chronic. Taking into account the etiology are the following forms of conjunctivitis: viral, bacterial autoimmune allergic pollinosis. Thus, the different causes of conjunctivitis factors determine the characteristics of the treatment.

Symptoms of conjunctivitis

The symptoms of conjunctivitis may have common features and characteristics that depend on the nature of the disease. The common subjective symptoms of conjunctivitis are: pain in the eye, which are enhanced by increased blinking tearing burning sensation and itching in the eyeball presence of purulent or copious mucous and watery discharge from the eyes zazhmurivanie if light enters the eye, foreign body sensation in the eye. Objectively determinable signs of this disease are: redness of the eye, which is most pronounced at the periphery of the shell conjunctival swelling over a narrow eye slit compared with healthy velvety eye conjunctiva, as it loses its characteristic luster. Some forms of the disease have their own specific features, which you can find below. 

Symptoms depending on the form of the disease: 

Particularly acute bacterial conjunctivitis are consistent bilateral ocular presence of pus, which glues the lashes between them blurred vision due to purulent. For pnemokokkovogo conjunctivitis characteristic features such as: the presence of petechiae in the conjunctival membrane expressed eyelid edema formation of films whitish-gray color most prone to this disease the elderly and children, who have sharply reduced immunity. conjunctivitis caused by gonococci, has the following features: intense swelling of the eyelids severe conjunctival hyperemia bloody discharge from the eyes, which soon became a frequent suppurative complications, which include corneal ulcers, cataract (clouding it), generalization of infection of the eyeball. All this can lead to blindness. 

Herpetic conjunctivitis manifested the characteristic rash on the mucous membrane. It is characterized by long-term flows, and unilateral disease. In severe disease the conjunctiva appear erosive and ulcerative sites. They are the gateway to the bacterial flora, which aggravates the inflammation. In the case of adenovirus infection affected the overall state of a person - there is high fever, weakness. Also joins conjunctivitis, combined with pharyngitis. 

This allows you to differentiate diphtheria and gonococcal conjunctivitis, it is necessary to select the most efficient treatment. To confirm the viral nature of the disease is shown carrying out a polymerase chain reaction. If you suspect that the origin of the allergic inflammatory process shown immunoassays, including the determination of IgE in the mucosa of the eyes. Skin allergy tests reveal the cause and a significant agent.

Treatment for conjunctivitis 

Treatment of conjunctivitis depends on the cause that led to the development of this disease. Thus, when bacterial inflammation are shown: 1) Antibacterials 2) Anti-inflammatory agents (either hormonal or non-steroidal). 3) Special antibacterial eye drops from conjunctivitis, which contribute to the pathological process of subsiding. They must be instilled hourly for the first day, and then 4-6 times a day depending on the duration of their action. In no case can not bandage the eye, as they create conditions similar to thermostat and encourage active reproduction of pathogenic micro-organisms. Proper landfill as follows: compulsory handwashing pulling the lower eyelid to expose the conjunctival cavity light pressure on the bottle of drops, with the tip of the bottle should not touch your eyes after instillation the eyes must be closed, but no effort not to squeeze out drops. Closing the eyes will allow the drug to be distributed evenly on the outer surface of the eyeball. If gonococcal conjunctivitis shows the use of sulfonamides (sulfacetamide), which are active against these microorganisms. Most often this disease occurs in infants infected during passage through the birth canal of the mother. Therefore, all children after birth data instilled drops in each eye. It is an effective preventive measure. However, with the development of gonococcal conjunctival lesion also showed a mild eye wash solution of potassium manganese acid, which has an antiseptic effect. At night, the eye can lay tetracycline ointment. The duration of treatment depends on the time needed for elimination of gonococci. In all cases it is necessary to conduct bacteriological research. When the effectiveness of the therapy in the growth of gonococci crops discharge from the eyes is observed. If the treatment is started late, then it may lead to several complications (clouding of the conjunctiva, the transition of the inflammatory process in the other structure of the eyeball, etc.). Development diphtheria conjunctivitis is an indication for hospitalization of the child or adult in the hospital infection, as it represents a danger to others, and the delay of specific treatment can lead to serious consequences. 

In viral conjunctivitis treatment program is as follows: 1) Topical application antiherpetic drops or ointments (such as a drop-Oftan Coming, eye ointment acyclovir). In respect of other viral agents etiotropic no treatment 2) immunostimulatory drugs that are administered topically (instilled solution Viferon or others.) Or systemically depending on the severity of the inflammatory process 3) A specific antiviral treatment (administered gamma globulin). In case of allergic conjunctivitis should immediately cease contact with the causative allergen, and undo drugs that might cause such a reaction. Parallel shows start taking antihistamines (may be used as a tablet form and injectable that will quickly achieve therapeutic improvement). The eye instillation shown corticosteroid ointments, and can be laid overnight ointment with same active substance. 

Treatment of conjunctivitis folk remedies 

Folk remedies for treatment of conjunctivitis are complementary, they are used as an adjunct to conventional treatment. The main methods that are recommended in folk medicine in the treatment of this disease are: compresses to the eye, made from the dried leaves of aloe marshmallow drug - its decoction is used for rinsing eyes decoction of rose petals infusion of cornflower blue. For an infusion of any medicinal plants should take one tablespoon fitosyrya and fill her glass of boiled water. Time infusion of half an hour, after which the infusion should drain. Only after that it is ready for use.

Prevention

Preventive measures against conjunctivitis are: hygienic measures facials hands before rubbing the eye must always be clean prophylaxis with antibiotics after the birth of all children (you can use a drop Albucidum that buried three times in 20 minutes, or ophthalmic tetracycline ointment, pledge once) use of individual towels handkerchiefs should be replaced with disposable paper towels to avoid contact with allergens in the allergic disposition of the body.